General Performance

vmstat

$ vmstat 5 3
Displays system statistics (5 seconds apart; 3 times):

 

procs			memory		page							disk				faults			cpu
r	b	w	swap	free	re	mf	pi	po	fr	de	sr	s0	s1	s2	s3	in	sy	cs	us	sy	id
0	0	0	28872	8792	8	5	172	142	210	0	24	3	11	17	2	289	1081	201	14	6	80
0	0	0	102920	1936	1	95	193	6	302	1264	235	12	1	0	3	240	459	211	0	2	97
0	0	0	102800	1960	0	0	0	0	0	464	0	0	0	0	0	107	146	29	0	0	100

Having any processes in the b or w columns is a sign of a problem system.
Having an id of 0 is a sign that the cpu is overburdoned.
Having high values in pi and po show excessive paging.

• procs (Reports the number of processes in each of the following states)
  • r : in run queue
  • b : blocked for resources (I/O, paging etc.)
  • w : runnable but swapped
• memory (Reports on usage of virtual and real memory)
  • swap : swap space currently available (Kbytes)
  • free : size of free list (Kbytes)
• page (Reports information about page faults and paging activity (units per second)
  • re : page reclaims
  • mf : minor faults
  • pi : Kbytes paged in
  • po : Kbytes paged out
  • fr : Kbytes freed
  • de : anticipated short-term memory shortfall (Kbytes)
  • sr : pages scanned by clock algorith
• disk (Reports the number of disk operations per second for up to 4 disks
• faults (Reports the trap/interupt rates (per second)
  • in : (non clock) device interupts
  • si : system calls
  • cs : CPU context switches
• cpu (Reports the breakdown of percentage usage of CPU time (averaged across all CPUs)
  • us : user time
  • si : system time
  • cs : idle time

CPU Usage

sar

$ sar -u 10 8
Reports CPU Utilization (10 seconds apart; 8 times):

 

Time	%usr	%sys	%wio	%idle
11:57:31	72	28	0	0
11:57:41	70	30	0	0
11:57:51	70	30	0	0
11:58:01	68	32	0	0
11:58:11	67	33	0	0
11:58:21	65	28	0	7
11:58:31	73	27	0	0
11:58:41	69	31	0	0
Average	69	30	0	1

%usr: Percent of CPU in user mode
%sys: Percent of CPU in system mode
%wio: Percent of CPU running idle with a process waiting for block I/O
%idle: Percent of CPU that is idle

mpstat

$ mpstat 10 2
Reports per-processor statistics on Sun Solaris (10 seconds apart; 8 times):

 

CPU	minf	mjf	xcal	intr	ithr	csw	icsw	migr	smtx	srw	syscl	usr	sys	wt	idl
0	6	8	0	438	237	246	85	0	0	21	8542	23	9	9	59
0	0	29	0	744	544	494	206	0	0	95	110911	65	29	6	0

ps

$ ps -e -o pcpu -o pid -o user -o args | sort -k 1 | tail -21r
Displays the top 20 CPU users on the system.

%CPU	PID	USER	COMMAND
78.1	4789	oracle	ora_dbwr_DDDS2
8.5	4793	oracle	ora_lgwr_DDDS2
2.4	6206	oracle	oracleDDDS2 (LOCAL=NO)
0.1	4797	oracle	ora_smon_DDDS2
0.1	6207	oracle	oracleDDDS2 (LOCAL=NO)
etc.	etc.	etc.	etc.

The PID column can then be matched with the SPID column on the V$PROCESS view to provide more information on the process:

SELECT a.username, 
       a.osuser, 
       a.program, 
       spid, 
       sid, 
       a.serial#
FROM   v$session a,
       v$process b
WHERE  a.paddr = b.addr
AND    spid = '&pid';

 

Error Lines in Files

You can return the error lines in a file using:

root> cat alert_LIN1.log | grep -i ORA-

The "grep -i ORA-" command limits the output to lines containing "ORA-". The "-i" flag makes the comparison case insensitive. A count of the error lines can be returned using the "wc" command. This normally give a word count, but the "-l" flag alteres it to give a line count:

root> cat alert_LIN1.log | grep -i ORA- | wc -l

Remove DOS CR/LFs (^M)
 
Remove DOS style CR/LF characters (^M) from UNIX files using:
sed -e 's/^M$//' filename > tempfile
The newly created tempfile should have the ^M character removed.

from : http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/misc/UNIXForDBAs.php